Unions have never been revolutionary but in the nineteenth century were “schools of socialism” through which workers fought collectively to improve their conditions. In the epoch of imperialism and state capitalism however they have become increasingly integrated into the capitalist legal apparatus, into the capitalist state itself.

History as a whole and the history of revolutions in particular is always richer in content, more varied, more multiform in character, more lively and ingenious than is imagined by even the best parties... Lenin[1] · First, the chronology … · February 23 1917. A century ago, on International Women’s Day (February 23 old style/ March 8 today), women workers of both home and factory took to the...

Hobson’s ‘prophecy’ · It is well-known that in his work on imperialism Lenin drew a lot of material as well as analytical insights from Hobson, the social-liberal (as defined by Lenin himself), and author of one of the most celebrated works on the subject: also entitled Imperialism. Twice, the Russian revolutionary cites the same passage from the book which dares to “prophesy” about the fate of...

We are printing here two short translations. The first is from the KAPD in 1923. Those with an eye for history will recognise the date as the year of, not only the Nazis’ failed “Beer Hall Putsch” in Munich, but also the year when the German Communist Party adopted National-Bolshevism in an attempt to win over workers who had been seduced by the nationalist extreme right.