Vercesi su Trotsky
Ottorino Perrone nella sua Storia del Komintern, al capitolo "La questione cinese" (presente anche su questo sito) scrive: "Nello studio che sarà dedicato al trotskismo, la rivista spiegherà le ragioni che dovevano portare Trotsky, malgrado un’analisi che metteva in luce i rapporti determinanti di tutto l’assetto economico cinese (ivi compresi i rapporti feudali e prefeudali numericamente molto superiori a quelli capitalistici), a conclusioni tattiche assolutamente insufficienti quali quelle della partecipazione al Kuomintang e della sollevazione di quell’insieme di parole d’ordine democratiche che Trotsky difese contro Stalin dopo la definitiva sconfitta della rivoluzione cinese, dopo cioè il fallimento di quella che il Comintern qualificò “l’insurrezione di Canton” (Dicembre 1927).La nostra corrente, per contro, dipartendosi da un’analisi collimante con quella di Trotsky difese la tesi di principio della non adesione al Kuomintang e, mentre combatté la tattica del Comintern dell’“offensiva rivoluzionaria”, mantenne integrali le sue posizioni precedenti contro le “parole d’ordine democratiche”, restando ferma sulla tesi che la sola parola da sollevare nella questione del potere era quella della dittatura proletaria.Gli avvenimenti dovevano infatti confermare che né una situazione rivoluzionaria si presentava più in Cina dopo il 1927, né un’era democratica di indipendenza borghese ed anti-imperialista della Cina poteva aprirsi dopo e malgrado la sconfitta rivoluzionaria del 1926-27". Eppure Trotsky circa il rapporto Pcc-Kuomintang ha un'altra posizione sia prima che dopo l'episodio citato da Vercesi. Trotsky, "La terza internazionale dopo Lenin", Schwartz 1957, p. 218: "La parola d'ordine dei soviet in Cina significava in primo luogo che si doveva rompere il vergognoso "blocco delle quattro classi" che conduceva al suicidio, e far uscire il partito comunista dal Kuomintang. Il centro di gravità non si trovava dunque in un'arida formula organizzativa ma in una linea di condotta di classe". Trotsky, "Il partito comunista cinese e il Guomindang", 27 settembre 1926 ("Scritti e discorsi sulla rivoluzione in Cina", Iskra, Milano 1977): "La via d'uscita sta nel tracciare la linea organizzativa necessaria come presupposto di una politica indipendente volgendo gli occhi non al Guomindang di sinistra ma agli operai risvegliatisi. Solo a questa condizione un blocco con il Guomindang o con qualunque dei suoi elementi può essere qualcosa più di un castello di sabbia. Quanto più presto si capovolgerà la politica del Pcc tanto meglio sarà per la rivoluzione cinese". Non riesco quindi ad afferrare bene il nodo della critica di Vercesi a Trotsky, qualcuno mi sa dire qualche cosa sullo "studio che sarà dedicato al trotskismo" citato da Vercesi?
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